muscle mnemonics origin, insertion action

These are innervated by the ulnar nerve. Print Muscle Origin and Insertion: Definition and Actions Worksheet 1. Extensor digiti minimi muscle:This muscle arises from the anterior surface of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. Subscapularis muscle:This is another muscle of the rotator cuff, which is deep and arises from the large anterior subscapular fossa. The common flexor origin is the medial epicondyle. The thyrohyoid muscle also elevates the larynxs thyroid cartilage, whereas the sternothyroid depresses it. The Peripheral Nervous System, Chapter 18. It passes anteriorly and around the thoracic cage as if wrapping. Origin: Inferior angle of scapula. Supraspinatus tears result in inability to initiate shoulder abduction. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. It lays directly superficial to the flexor digitorum superficialis. It is innervated by the radial nerve, a portion of the posterior branch of the brachial plexus. Extensor digitorum muscle:This muscle lies in the extensor compartment and arises from the lateral epicondyle. Supraspinatus muscle: This rotator cuff muscle is deep and originates from the supraspinous fossa which is located on the posterior superior portion of the scapula. Phew. It is the chief medial rotator of the shoulder and modulates the movement of the deltoid. It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. This article will discuss the anatomy of the serratus anterior muscle. The axial muscles are grouped based on location, function, or both. I feel like its a lifeline. The biceps brachii originates on the front of the scapula of the shoulder and inserts on the front of the radius in the forearm. Interossei:These are grouped into four dorsal and threepalmar interossei and are part of the midpalmar group. Brachioradialis muscle:This muscle lies between the flexor and extensor compartments of the forearm. The common extensor origin is the lateral epicondyle. It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. Both these muscles are known as the punching muscles as they contribute to radial deviation of the wrist, which is essential for boxers. Winged scapula is caused by an injury to the long thoracic nerve. Muscles involved in chewing must be able to exert enough pressure to bite through and then chew food before it is swallowed (Figure 11.4.4 and Table 11.4). The medial head is supplied by the ulnar nerve, and the lateral head by the anterior interosseous branch. Teres major:This muscle arises from the posterior surface of the inferior scapular angle and inserts onto the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus. Mnemonics to remember bones Themedial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles provide assistance in chewing and moving food within the mouth by moving the mandible laterally and medially to grind food between the molars. In this article we will discuss the gross (structure) and functional anatomy (movement) of the muscles of the upper limb. Last Played February 22, 2022 - 12:00 am There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Wider than semmitendonosis It is important to note that the scapula does articulate with the acromial end of the clavicle forming the acromioclavicular joint (AC joint), as well as the humeral head with the scapular glenoid cavity (fossa) which forms the glenohumeral joint. An easy way to distinguish between the actions of the interossei is to use the following mnemonic. The longissimus group includes the longissimus capitis, the longissimus cervicis, and the longissimus thoracis. The orbicularis oris is a circular muscle that moves the lips, and the orbicularis oculi is a circular muscle that closes the eye. action: extend the neck ; retract and adduct scapulae, posterior Chapter 1. Read more. The palatoglossus originates on the soft palate to elevate the back of the tongue, and the hyoglossus originates on the hyoid bone to move the tongue downward and flatten it. laterally rotates the femur with hip extension, flexes humerus, antagonist of supraspinatus Important in the stabilization of the vertebral column is the segmental muscle group, which includes the interspinales and intertransversarii muscles. All Rights Reserved. Muscular contraction produces an action, or a movement of the appendage. As the supraspinatus passes under the subacromial arch it is vulnerable to rupture from a bony spur. Insertion inferior border of 12th rib and iliolumbar ligament and ((transverse process of L1-L4)) A. Muscles of the Head and Neck. insertion: ribs, A big sheet Hypothenar eminence:It consists of the flexor digiti minimi brevis, the abductor digiti minimi brevis, and the opponens digiti minimi. Those in the same compartment will have the same action. The triceps brachii originates on the back of the scapula and humerus, and inserts on the back of the ulna in the forearm. If you have ever been to a doctor who held up a finger and asked you to follow it up, down, and to both sides, he or she is checking to make sure your eye muscles are acting in a coordinated pattern. Explore the definition and actions of origin and insertion and learn about action nomenclature and the functional roles of muscles. Lumbricals:These are worm like muscles that originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus. In our cheat sheets, you'll find the origin (s) and insertion (s) of every muscle. Teres minor:This muscle arises from the lateral border of the scapula and inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. It is caused by proximal interphalangeal joint flexion, and distal interphalangeal joint extension. The action makes sense when you consider the muscle's points of attachment. It's important to note that the antagonist contraction is minor in comparison to the agonist contraction, and therefore it doesn't prevent the action of the agonist. Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. Author: It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. The second way to describe a muscle's action is based on the joint, or the articulation. Reviewer: It is also innervated by the median nerve. An easy way to remember this little fact is to keep in mind the following mnemonic. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. It inserts into the lateral surfaces of the middle phalanges of the 2nd to 5th digits. The insertion is usually distal, or further away, while the origin is proximal, or closer to the body, relative to the insertion. Dimitrios Mytilinaios MD, PhD The muscle can be divided into three sets of fibers: upper, middle, and lower. Do you struggle with straight memorization? Most skeletal muscle is attached to bone on its ends by way of what we call tendons. The masseter muscle is the prime movermuscle for chewing because it elevates the mandible (lower jaw) to close the mouth, and it is assisted by the temporalis muscle, which retracts the mandible. Palmaris longus muscle: This muscle can be absent in some of the population. It is innervated by the radial nerve. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. The occipitofrontalis muscle elevates the scalp and eyebrows. Muscle origins and insertions Many muscles are attached to bones at either end via tendons. It is innervated by the posterior scapular nerve. The muscle has a frontal belly and an occipital belly (near the occipital bone on the posterior part of the skull). The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue, Chapter 13. We will also discuss the clinical relevance of the upper limb. succeed. It also assists in medial (anterior fibers) and lateral rotation (posterior fibers). As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 TABLE: Origin, Insertion, and Action for Lecture Checklist: Selected Human Muscles. You can feel the temporalis move by putting your fingers to your temple as you chew. Supinator muscle:It is a small muscle that arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, the supinator crest of the ulna, as well as the annular and radial collateral ligaments that support the radius against the ulna. 2009. The muscles of the anterior neck are arranged to facilitate swallowing and speech. Describe the muscles of the anterior neck. It inserts onto the spine of the scapula, acromion, and lateral third of the clavicle. Test your knowledge on the muscles of the arm right away using our handy round-up of quizzes, diagrams and free worksheets. The nerve supply to this muscle arises from the axillary nerve, a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. Register now Agonists, or prime movers, are responsible for the bulk of the action. Let's take a look at an example. Most common manifestations are pain, swelling, and deformity at the joint. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. The shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) is an inherently unstable joint, and thus requires a significant degree of muscular support in the form of the rotator cuff. It acts as a lateral rotator and a weak adductor of the shoulder. Some of the axial muscles may seem to blur the boundaries because they cross over to the appendicular skeleton. It is innervated by the deep branch of the radial nerve. The sternocleidomastoid divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles. I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half. origin: anterior sacrum The muscles of the anterior neck facilitate swallowing and speech, stabilize the hyoid bone and position the larynx. origin: tip of the coracoid process Because of its mobility, the tongue facilitates complex speech patterns and sounds. Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis muscles:The longus muscle arises from the lateral epicondylar ridge and inserts onto the dorsal surface of the 2nd metacarpal. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance, Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Matern, Katie Morrison-Graham, Devon Quick & Jon Runyeon, Next: 11.5 Axial muscles of the abdominal wall and thorax, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Moves eyes up and toward nose; rotates eyes from 1 oclock to 3 oclock, Common tendinous ring (ring attaches to optic foramen), Moves eyes down and toward nose; rotates eyes from 6 oclock to 3 oclock, Moves eyes up and away from nose; rotates eyeball from 12 oclock to 9 oclock, Surface of eyeball between inferior rectus and lateral rectus, Moves eyes down and away from nose; rotates eyeball from 6 oclock to 9 oclock, Suface of eyeball between superior rectus and lateral rectus, Maxilla arch; zygomatic arch (for masseter), Closes mouth; pulls lower jaw in under upper jaw, Superior (elevates); posterior (retracts), Opens mouth; pushes lower jaw out under upper jaw; moves lower jaw side-to-side, Inferior (depresses); posterior (protracts); lateral (abducts); medial (adducts), Closes mouth; pushes lower jaw out under upper jaw; moves lower jaw side-to-side, Superior (elevates); posterior (protracts); lateral (abducts); medial (adducts), Draws tongue to one side; depresses midline of tongue or protrudes tongue, Elevates root of tongue; closes oral cavity from pharynx. It acts to extend the pinky as well as the wrist. Reading time: about 1 hour. 31 Decks -. Identify the following muscles and give their origins, insertions, actions and innervations: Axial muscles of the head neck and back The skeletal muscles are divided into axial (muscles of the trunk and head) and appendicular (muscles of the arms and legs) categories. Tap the Skeletal System Icon, and press the Plus button until you come to the Origin and Insertion layer (the fourth layers of the system). Copyright The muscle arises mainly from the flexor retinaculum and tubercle of the trapezium and inserts onto the proximal phalanx or metacarpal of the thumb. It commonly occurs following a fall onto an outstretched hand (FOSH). The lower subscapular nerve innervates the muscle and it is a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. This muscle is considered an accessory muscle of respiration. The palmar interossei are unipennate, and the dorsal interossei are bipennate. There are a number of other joints in the region which all move in unison in order to generate a stable movement. EKG Rhythms | ECG Heart Rhythms Explained - Comprehensive NCLEX Review, Simple Anatomy Quiz Most Nurses Get WRONG! Our muscle anatomy charts make it easier by listing them clearly and concisely. Both of these muscles are innervated by the anterior interosseous branch. The muscles acts to flex the proximal IP joints as it primary function. 1 / 24. As the muscles contract, they exert force on the bones, which help to support and move our body along with its appendages. The Lymphatic and Immune System, Chapter 26. The transversospinales include the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, and rotatores. Click the card to flip . The palmar aponeurosis helps resist shearing forces applied to the palm, such as climbing and tool use. Check out the following quiz and the learn the muscles of the arm and shoulder. The multifidus muscle of the lumbar region helps extend and laterally flex the vertebral column. It inserts into the medial aspect of the 5th metacarpal. It also acts as an extensor of the wrist and radial deviator. Muscle Name or Group Origin Insertion Action. It is innervated by the axillary nerve. The pectoral girdle, or shoulder girdle, consists of the lateral ends of the clavicle and scapula, along . insertion: lesser trochanter of femur, Characteristic of the Sympathetic and Parasym, Practical #1 (Anatomical position and terms,, ohio life insurance missed questions and answ. Many muscles are attached to bones at either end via tendons. Don't forget to quiz yourself on the forearm flexors and extensors to consolidate your knowledge! Memorizethe superficial forearm flexors usingthe followingmnemonic! These different roles can be described as agonists (or prime movers), antagonists, or synergists. PAD DAB ('Use your hand to dab with a pad'). The Cardiovascular System: Blood, Chapter 19. Next to each muscle, youll find its origin(s), insertion(s), innervation(s) and function(s). Working together enhances a particular movement. Thats why wecreated muscle anatomy charts; your condensed, no-nonsense, easy to understand learning solution. The shoulder moves at the glenohumeral joint. Due to its course it has a "serrated" or "saw-toothed" appearance. The layman will refer to the entire upper limb as the arm. The short head arises from the coracoid process and both heads unite. It inserts onto the crest of greater tubercle of the humerus. The abductor digiti minimi arises from the pisiform, pisohamate ligament, and flexor retinaculum. It most commonly dislocates anteriorly (95%), and can damage the axillary nerve. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Reviewer: It may seem strange that it is included in the anatomy of the upper limb. Levator scapulae muscle:This is a deep small muscle that inserts onto the superior angle and superior medial scapular border. remember this mnemonic: Aortic hiatus=12 letters =T12 Esophageal =10 letters= T10 Vena cava = 8 letters = T8 The stylohyoid muscle moves the hyoid bone posteriorly, elevating the larynx, and the mylohyoid muscle lifts it and helps press the tongue to the top of the mouth. Muscles that move the eyeballs are extrinsic, meaning they originate outside of the eye and insert onto it. You ride Longer on a Superhighway. The muscles of the back and neck that move the vertebral column are complex, overlapping, and can be divided into five groups. Shahab Shahid MBBS It is best studied broken down into its components: regions, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. The muscle causes flexion of the wrist, and radial deviation when it acts with extensor carpi radialis. Copyright The extrinsic muscles all include the word root glossus (glossus = tongue), and the muscle names are derived from where the muscle originates. For example, the biceps brachii performs flexion of the forearm as the forearm is moved. 0% 0:00.0 It arises from the occipital bones, occipital protuberance and nuchal lines, as well as the spinous processes of C7 through T12. The Cellular Level of Organization, Chapter 4. The extrinsic muscles move the whole tongue in different directions, whereas the intrinsic muscles allow the tongue to change its shape (such as, curling the tongue in a loop or flattening it). The actions and innervation are the same as the rhomboid major. Take advantage of the following mnemonic to make your life a little easier! , My origin is the iliac crest, posterior sacrum, inferior lumbar, and sacral spinous processes. Muscles of the Upper Limb Pectoralis minor ORIGIN: anterior surface of ribs 3 - 5 ACTION INSERTION: coracoid process (scapula) Muscles Stabilizing Pectoral Girdle INNERVATION: pectoral nerves: protracts / depresses scapula (Anterior view) Serratus anterior ORIGIN: ribs 1 - 8 INSERTION: ACTION medial border of scapula stabilizes / depresses Adjacent muscles which serve similar functions are often innervated by the same nerve. The movement of the eyeball is under the control of the extra ocular (extrinsic) eye muscles, which originate from the bones of the orbitand insert onto the outer surface of the white of the eye. Registered Nurse, Free Care Plans, Free NCLEX Review, Nurse Salary, and much more. The medial head arises from the posterior surface of the humerus below the radial groove. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Deltoid, Latissimus dorsi, Supinator, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor indicis proprius, Extensor digiti minimi, Brachioradialis, Thenar eminence, Hypothenar eminence, Interossei, Lumbricals, Inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula, Intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus (arm), Lateral border of the scapula (middle part), Greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior facet), Lateral rotation of the arm, stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet), Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior facet), Assistance in arm abduction,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Medial rotation of the arm,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Transverse process of the atlas and axis, posterior tubercles C3 and C4, Posterior surface of the medial scapular border (from the superior angle to the root of the spine of the scapula), Anterior rami of the nerves C3 and C4, dorsal scapular nerve (branch of the C5), Superior nuchal line, external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula, Spinal accessory nerve; C3 and C4 spinal nerves, Elevation, depression, and retraction of the scapula, Medial half of the clavicle (clavicular head); anterior surface of the sternum, 1st to 6th costal cartilages, aponeurosis of, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus, Anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs and the fascia overlying the intercostal spaces, Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula, Protraction of the scapula, pulls the coracoid process anteriorly and inferiorly, accessory muscle in respiratory, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula, Abduction and stabilization of the shoulder joint, Spinous processes of T7-L5 and sacrum, iliac crest, X-XII ribs, Distal half of the anterior side of the humerus and intermuscular septa, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, supinator of the forearm, accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint, Anterior surface of the ulna (distal quarter), Anterior surface of the radius (distal quarter), Forearm pronationand binding of the radius and ulna, Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane, Proximal parts of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane, Bases of the phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part), bases of the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Ulnar nerve (medial part), anterior interosseous nerve (lateral part), Flexion of the distal phalanges at the interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part) and of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna (humero-ulnar head) and superior half of anterior border (ulnar head), Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits, Flexion of middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal phalanges at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the middle four digits, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon), Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head), coronoid process of the ulna (ulnar head), Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, crest of the ulna, supinator fossa, radial collateral and anular ligaments, Surface of the proximal third of the radial shaft, Posterior surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges (2nd-5th), Posterior interosseus nerve (branch of the radial nerve), Extension of the index, middle, ring and little fingers, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior border of the ulna, Medial side of the base of the metacarpal V, Posterior side of the distal third of the ulnar shaft; interosseous membrane, Proximal two-thirds of the supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus, Lateral surface of the distal end of the radius, Forearm flexion, especially during mid-pronation, Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid bones, Thumb flexion, abduction, and medial rotation resulting in a combined movement called opposition, Abduction of the 5th digit and flexion assistance of the proximal phalanx, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Flexion of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Sides of two adjacent metacarpals (dorsal interossei) and palmar surfaces of the 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals (palmar interossei), Bases of the proximal phalanges via the extensor expansions of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei) and 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), Abduction of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei), adduction of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), assisting the lumbricals in extension, Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus, Lateral expansions of the 2nd to 5th digits, Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of the interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th digits.

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